离异单亲大学生父母依恋同伴依恋与心理韧性的关系

Relationship of parents attachment,peer attachment with resilience among students from single-parent family

目的探讨离异单亲大学生父母依恋、同伴依恋特点及其与心理韧性的关系,为有效预防离异单亲大学生不良行为的发生提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取青岛市2所高校12个学院的362个样本班共17 807名学生参与调查,其中离异单亲大学生463名(2.60%),在离异单亲大学生所在班级中随机抽取同性别完整家庭学生463名作为完整家庭组。采用父母同伴依恋量表(IPPA)、心理韧性量表(RS)进行问卷调查。结果离异单亲大一新生的母亲依恋得分(55.51±10.71)高于大三学生(49.62±11.73)。不同家庭月收入离异单亲大学生父亲依恋、同伴依恋、心理韧性得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。不同性别、独生与否、生源地、离异时年龄、监护人等人口学变量的父母同伴依恋及心理韧性得分差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。离异单亲大学生的父亲依恋总分(47.26±14.43)和心理韧性总分(108.12±12.61)均低于完整家庭大学生(52.62±8.96,110.47±11.93)(P值均<0.05)。离异单亲大学生的同伴信任(β=0.53)、母亲交流(β=0.31)、父亲信任(β=0.18)、同伴交流(β=0.17)正向预测心理韧性,同伴疏离(β=-0.25)、母亲疏离(β=-0.17)负向预测心理韧性。中介效应检验显示,同伴依恋在母亲依恋与心理韧性间、父亲依恋与心理韧性间均起部分中介作用,中介效应分别占总效应的60.84%,74.00%。结论离异单亲大学生父母依恋、同伴依恋与心理韧性关系密切,母亲依恋和父亲依恋既可直接对心理韧性产生作用,又均间接通过同伴依恋对心理韧性产生作用。

Objective To explore the relationship of parents attachment, peer attachment and resilience among students from single-parent family, and to provide a reference for effectively preventing their ill performance. Methods By using stratified cluster random sampling method, 362 sample classes from 12 colleges in two universities in Qingdao were selected, and a total of 17 807 students participated in the survey. Among them, a total of 463 students from single-parent family were selected, accounting for 2.60% of the total number of the investigation, and they were assessed with the Inventory of Parents and Peers Attachment（ IPPA ） and Resilience Scale（RS）. Results The freshmen from the divorced single-parent families scored （55.51±10.71） higher than that of the junior students （49.62±11.73） in maternal attachment; There were significant differences in paternal attachment, peer attachment, mental resilience, among the students from family with different monthly income; on other demographic variables, the attachment and resilience scores were of no statistical significance（ P〉0.05）. The scores of paternal attachment（ 47.26±14.43）, mental resilience（ 108.12±12.61）, among students from single-parent family were lower than scores of those in complete family （52.62±8.96, 110.47±11.93 ） （ P〈0.05 ）. Regression analysis indicated peer trust （β = 0.53 ）, mother communication（β = 0.31 ）, father trust （β= 0.18 ） and peer communication （β= 0.17 ） had positive predictability to RS and negative predictability of peer alienation （β=-0.25） , mother alienation （β=-0.17） to RS. The test of mediation effect found that peer attachment played a partly mediating role between paternal attachment and resilience, maternal attachment and resilience, and the mediation effect accounted for 60.84% and 74.00% of the total effect. Conclusion There may be a close relation of parents attachment, peer attachment and resilience. Paternal attachment and maternal attachment could directly affect RS and indirectly affect RS through peer attachment respectively.