土地改革前苏南公地研究

Research on the Common Lands in Southern Jiangsu before Land Reform

土地改革前,苏南地区的公地约占当地土地总面积的6%左右。其主要有以下三种形式,一是宗族性公地,如义庄、祠堂土地等;二是宗教性公地,如神会、寺庙土地等;三是公益性公地,如学田、慈善机关田等。在经营管理方面,主要采取出租,辅之以轮种。在公地收入用途上,除举办一些福利事业、维持机构的生存和发展之外,浪费也比较严重。

Before land reform, the common lands in Southern Jiangsu accounted for about 6% of the lo- cal total lands. It included the following three forms, the first was the clan of the commons, such as Yizhuang, ancestral lands; the second was the religion of the commons, such as God ,temple lands; the third was the pub- lic commons, such as the charitable organization,Etc. In terms of management, mainly took the rental, auxiliary operating in rotation. In the income purposes of the common lands, in addition to hold some welfare, maintain- ing the survival and development of the institutions, waste was also more serious.