东巴史诗的音乐程式刍析

Analysis of the Dongba Epic Music Formula

程式化特征是构成口头传统的重要参照标准,这不仅体现在口头演述活动中,也体现在具体的仪式音乐演唱、伴奏中。东巴在演述史诗时,往往借助东巴唱腔的演述,以及鼓、锣、铃等乐器的伴奏,而东巴史诗音乐的唱腔及伴奏音乐中就蕴含着突出的程式化特征,这一特征既是东巴史诗的本体内容所在,也是东巴史诗作为多元形态文本的属性所在。

The features of formula is an important reference for oral tradition, which is not only reflected in the oral narrative activities, but also in the specific ceremonial music singing and accompaniments. Dongba epic music formula means the performance of Dongba epic is often applied by Dongba singing to the accompaniments of drums, gongs and bells while the singing and accompaniment music in the Dongba epic contains a prominent feature of stylization which just constituted the body content of Dongba epic and shows its＇ attribute of pluralistic texts.