循证护理在中重度烧伤后预防瘢痕增生中的作用评价

A Field Epidemiological Investigation on Cow Tuberculosis in a Farm of Shanghai City

目的：探讨循证护理在中重度烧伤后预防瘢痕增生的疗效。方法：选取2013年2月-2016年5月于我院就诊的100例中重度烧伤患者为研究对象,将其随机分为对照组（50例）和观察组（50例）,对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予循证护理。观察比较两组患者对相关护理知识的掌握情况、治疗的依从性、满意度、心理改善情况、住院天数及治疗后的效果。结果：经统计分析发现,治疗护理前两组患者对相关护理知识的掌握情况无明显差异（P〉0.05）;治疗护理后,观察组对相关护理知识的掌握情况、治疗的依从性、满意度、心理改善情况均高于对照组,住院天数少于对照组,两组比较具有明显差异（P〈0.01）;观察组有效率高于对照组,两组比较具有差异（P〈0.05）。结论：循证护理在中重度烧伤后预防瘢痕增生疗效明显,同时使护理人员自身综合素质得到提高,达到护患双赢的双层效果,值得临床推广应用。

In July 2015,25 positive cases of tuberculosis（TB）in a dairy farm were reported from Fengxian district of Shanghai city. Then a fi eld epidemiological investigation in this farm was carried out to fi nd the main causes and the possible risk factors. As a result,the prevalence rate of calves between the ages of 4~6 months was 9.41% and that in the 6~10 month-old cows was 6.25%. The 4 positive sheds were all near the living quarters. Among them,the nearest shed to offi ce district was shed No.22,in which the cows were most susceptible,and the risk of infection was 10.67 times higher than shed No.21（95%CI ：3,37.91）. According to the investigation,introduction of animals and fl ow of people were the main risk factors associated with occurrence of TB in that farm. Some suggestions for preventing the spread of the disease were proposed,including culling all the TB positive cows and conducting bio-safety disposal for dead animals,regularly detecting TB in cows,reducing the fl ow frequency of people,and thoroughly washing and disinfecting vehicles and instruments when they were in and out of the farm.