130个马铃薯品种(系)的块茎营养品质评价

Nutritional Quality Assessment on 130 Potato Cultivars

目的:为合理利用云南农业大学薯类作物研究所近几年引进和培育的马铃薯品种(系)提供科学依据。方法:对130个马铃薯品种(系)块茎的单株产量、干物质、淀粉、还原糖、粗蛋白含量和6种矿质元素进行了分析,并用隶属函数进行了综合评价。结果:130个马铃薯品种(系)的单株产量为0.12~1.20kg、干物质的量为11.64%~28.52%、淀粉含量为8.37%~23.50%、还原糖含量为0.02%~0.67%;粗蛋白质含量为0.91%~3.09%;块茎鲜样中矿质元素含量范围K为102.37~699.80mg/100g、Mg为3.58~27.91mg/100g、Cu为69.87~327.98μg/100g、Fe为513.79~6 984.74μg/100g、Mn为20.38~324.03μg/100g、Zn为44.39~891.09μg/100g;11个彩色品系花色苷含量在0.23~20.41 mg/100g。用隶属函数对130个品种(系)的营养品质排名,与云南主栽品种合作88和会-2对比,平均隶属值高于合作88的有3个品种(系),分别是地方品种无花洋芋、铁厂红和白洋芋;平均值高于会-2,而低于合作88的材料有78个,占了供试材料的60%。结论:引进的地方品种、日本品种和自主培育的品系多方面营养指标表现比较优秀,可以作为高品质育种的亲本。

[Objective] To afford scientific basic for using the introduced and breed potato varieties （lines） from Root and Tuber Crop Research Institute of Yunnan Agricultural University reasonably. [Method] The content of six mineral elements and four quality parameters in tubers and per plant yield of 130 potato varieties （lines） were determined, the membership function was used to evaluate synthetically. [Result] The per plant yield of these cuhivars varied from 0. 12 to 1.20 kg, dry matter contents ranged from 11.64% to 28.52% , starch contents ranged from 8. 37% to 23. 50% , reduced sugar contents ranged from 0. 02% to 0. 67% , and rude protein contents ranged from 0.91% to3.09% , the contents of K, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn in fresh tubers were 102.37-699.80 mg/100g, 3.58-27.91 mg/100g, 69. 87 -327.98 pog,/100g, 513.79 - 6 984. 74 μg/100g, 20. 38 -324. 03 μg/100g, 44. 39 -891.09 μg/100g respectively. The total antho- cyanidin contents of l 1 eoloured lines were 0. 23 -20. 41 mg/100g. The membership function was used to evaluate 130 varieties （lines）, the main cultivars cooperation 88 and hni-2 of Yunnan were check varieties, the average membership function value of native varieties wu hna yang yu, tie chang hong and bai yang yn were higher than cooperation eighty eight, the 78 of 130 （60%） varieties （lines） ＇s average membership function value were between hui-2 and cooperation 88. [Conclusion] The native varieties from Yunnan, varieties from Japan and the lines form Root and Tuber Crop Research Institute are very excellent in nutritive indexs, which can be used as parents for high quality breeding.