甘薯茎尖快速剥离及成苗技术研究

Research on the technology of seedling and rapid stripping of sweet potato stem tip

以优质食用型甘薯品种‘烟薯25'为材料,在室内和田间条件下,进行不同茎尖剥离方式对比试验、茎尖成苗对比试验、病毒检测试验、试管苗快繁试验以及产量对比试验,研究甘薯高效脱毒的最佳方式。结果表明:采用"一刀切"的茎尖剥离技术平均茎尖成活率和成苗率比常规的层层剥离技术分别高219.2%和429.7%,茎尖培养的最佳培养基配方为MS+0.08 mg/LIBA+0.06 mg/L6-BA;经病毒检测,采用"一刀切"技术病毒脱除率为50%,而常规技术为25%;通过6种不同快繁培养基配方的试验发现,MS+0.04 mg/LIBA+0.05 mg/LGA为最理想的快繁培养基;经田间产量对比分析,脱毒苗鲜薯产量比不脱毒苗平均增产19.9%、薯干增产19.6%,单株结薯数增加0.6块,大中薯率提高3.8%。

Comparison experiments of different stem tip stripping ways, stem tip seedling, yield, andexperiments of virus detection and rapid propagation of plantlets in laboratory and field were conducted to studythe best way of detoxification of sweet potato, taking high quality edible sweet potato variety ＇ Yanshu 25＇ asmaterial. The results showed that the stem tip survival rate and seedling rate of ＂one size fits all＂ strippingtechnology were 219.2% and 429.7 % higher than those of conventional peeling technology, the best medium forstem tip culture was MS ＋ 0.08 mg/L IBA ＋ 0.06 mg/L 6-BA. After virus detection, the virus removal rate of＂one size fits all＂ technology could reach 50%, while that of the conventional technique was 25%. Experimentsof different propagation culture showed that MS ＋ 0.04 mg/L IBA ＋ 0.05 mg/L GA was the best one. Field testsshowed that fresh yield and dry matter yield of virus-free seedlings increased by 19. 9% and 19. 6%respectively. The tuber number per plant increased 0.6, and the rate of large and medium potato increasedby 3.8%.