熔融沉积(FDM) 3D打印成形件的力学性能实验研究

Mechanical properties experiment of 3D printing forming specimens with fused deposition modeling( FDM)

为提高不同填充率的制品力学性能,采用打印精度更高的类Delta并联式打印机,以较优固定参量实施应用广泛的熔融沉积(FDM)3D打印工艺,制备了不同填充率PLA耗材实验试件,并分别做了拉伸、弯曲和压缩实验,得到了较优的拉伸、压缩应力-应变曲线和弯曲载荷-位移曲线。同时开展了3D打印试件的抗拉强度、断裂伸长率、抗拉刚度、所承受的最大弯曲载荷和抗压强度研究。结果显示,填充率是影响3D打印试件变形失效和力学性能的关键因素,随着填充率的增加,试件的强度和刚度明显提高,而且同心线填充试件抗拉强度和断裂伸长率最大,直线形填充的刚度要优于同心线填充和格子形填充的刚度。

Aimed at the problem of how to improve the mechanical properties of products with different filling rates,by using Delta parallel printer which has higher print accuracy and a fixed parameter in fused deposition modeling（ FDM） of 3D printing technology,test specimens of PLA material with different filling rates were obtained. The tensile,bending and compression experiments were conducted respectively,and the better stress-strain curves under tensile and compression states and load-displacement curves under bending state were obtained. Meanwhile,the tensile strength,elongation at break,tensile stiffness,the maximum bending under load and compressive strength of the 3D printing specimens were researched. The results show that the filling rate is the key factors for 3D printing specimen deformation failure,with the increase of filling ratio,specimen strength and stiffness increase significantly,the tensile strength and elongation at break of concentric line filling specimens are the maximum,and the stiffness of linear filling is superior to the concentric line and lattice filling.