沧州市桥本甲状腺炎患病率和知晓率的调查

The investigation of morbidity and awareness rate in patients with hashimoto's thyroiditis in Cangzhou city

目的通过对沧州市桥本甲状腺炎(HT)患者患病率、知晓率以及合并甲状腺功能异常情况的调查和研究,为本地桥本甲状腺炎的临床防治工作提供依据。方法采用横断面调查,采取整群抽样的方法,于2012年11月~2013年9月检测沧州市5 095名常住居民的甲状腺,包括甲状腺彩超,抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(A-TG)和甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(A-TPO)在内的甲状腺功能检测,甲状腺触诊;问卷调查患者的知晓情况。结果 HT患者298例,患病率5.85%,女性患者218例,患病率8.88%,男性患者80例,患病率3.05%,女性患病率明显高于男性(χ2=77.03,P<0.01)。随年龄增长患病率明显增高(χ2趋势=77.87,P<0.01),30~39岁、50~59岁是患病率增加最快的阶段;患者总体知晓率约22.82%,各年龄段知晓率不同(χ2=19.08,P<0.01),老年人知晓率低于中、轻年。合并甲状腺功能异常者共62例(20.8%),占总人群的1.35%;各年龄段异常率不同(χ2=8.53,P<0.01),老年人异常率高于中年。结论沧州市HT的患病率较高,而患者的知晓率很低,老年女性患病率高、知晓率低,老年人合并甲状腺功能异常的比率较高。

Objective To provide the basis for clinical prevention and control of Hashimoto thyroiditis by studying the morbidity and awareness rate of hashimoto＇s thyroiditis,and the rate of thyroid dysfunction in patients with hashimoto＇s thyroiditis in Cangzhou city. Methods Using A cross-sectional survey and cluster sampling method, from November 2012 to September 2013 in Cangzhou city, 5 095 residents were selected. Thyroid ultrasound, thyroid function including serum anti thyroglobulin antibody（ATG） and thyroid peroxidase antibody（A-TPO） detection, thyroid palpation, and awareness of patient questionnaire were done. Results298 cases of HT patients and the morbidity rate id 5.85%. 218 cases of female patients and the morbidity rate is 8.88%. 80 cases of male patients and the morbidity rate is 3.05%. The morbidity of HT in female was higher than male（ χ2= 77.03, P〈0.01）. The morbiditye rate increased with age（χ2trend = 77.87, P〈0.01）, and 30 to 39 years, 50 to 59 years were the fastest stages. The awareness rate was about 22.82% in all ages. Awareness rate was different in different ages（ χ2= 19.08, P〈0.01）, and the awareness in the elderly was lower than the rate in young and middle ages. Abnormal thyroid function was found in 62 cases（20.8%）, 1.35% of the total population. The rate of thyroid dysfunction was different in different ages（ χ2= 8.53, P〈0.01）, and the rate in the elderly was higher than the middle-aged. Conclusion The morbidity of hashimoto＇s thyroiditis is high,but the awareness rate is low,especially in older women. The ratio of merged thyroid dysfunction in the elderly is higher.