近十年主要国家科技投入与科技绩效评价分析

Analysis on R&D Input and Scientific & Technological Output Performance in Several Main Countries during Last 10 years

科技投入是科技创新的关键要素,为了解世界主要科技国家未来研发投入变化趋势与国际科学发展态势,把握我国的研发投入情况、科学发展对世界科技的贡献及其在国际上的影响、与科技发达国家的差距,分析了9个主要科技国家研发投入的发展变化、衡量基础研究的科学论文产出、应用研究的专利产出情况以及有重要学科影响的顶尖科学家的分布,并结合我国的实际,提出了我国科技投入与科技绩效评价的几点启示与建议。

Research input is the key factor of science and technology innovation. It is very significance of knowing future R＆D input change trend of main sci-tech countries and international science development situation, grasping our country＇s R＆D input status and its contribution to science ＆ technology development of the whole world and international influence, as well as understanding the gap between China and those science and technology developed countries, etc. Research and development （R＆D） input strength and its change, scientific papers publication which weighed basic research level, patent out which weighed application research level, and distribution of top-level scientists who have significant influence on disciplines＇ development in nine major sci-tech countries were analyzed in this paper. Combined with our country＇s real situ- ation, several enlightenments and suggestion were put forward about scientific ＆ technical input and performance assessment in China.