美国《科学与工程指标》中的中小学数学和科学教育研究及启示

Research on the Elementary and Secondary Mathematics and Science Education in Science and Engineering Indicators of the U.S.

科学教育是提高公民科学素质、建设创新型国家、提高国家核心竞争力的重要渠道。本文分析了1996—2016年间出版的美国《科学与工程指标》(共11期)中反映中小学数学和科学教育的指标,研究了美国中小学数学和科学教育的关注重点、指标构建以及重要指标的数据来源。对于我国中小学数学和科学教育的启示在于:中小学科学教育应该加强对科学学科的重视程度,加强科学教师队伍的建设;要建立对我国中小学数学和科学教育质量的长期持续且全国范围内的监测体系;建立定期发布我国中小学数学和科学教育质量报告的制度。

Science education serves as a main way of cultivating creative talents, improving citizen's scientific literacy and improving the core competitiveness of the country. In this paper,the elementary and secondary mathematics and science education indicators in the 11 issues of'science and engineering indicators(1996—2016)'were analyzed. The research focuses,construction and the data sources of the elementary and secondary mathematics and science education indicators were studied. This inspires us to pay more attention to students' mathematics and science curriculum,science teachers and teaching techniques and students' achievement. Some constructive proposals are put forward in the paper:it is necessary to establish a long-term,sustainable and nationwide monitoring system for the quality of math and science education in elementary and secondary schools in China;regulations of periodic reporting on the quality of math and science education in elementary and secondary schools in China need to be established as well.