新兵军事训练中投弹骨折危险因素调查及预防措施分析

Risk factors survey and preventive measures analysis of grenade throwing fractures during the military training in recruits

目的分析新兵军事训练中投弹骨折的危险因素并提出相应预防措施,以减少投弹训练伤的发生。方法采用病例对照研究,对试验组和对照组各39例士兵进行随访调查,调查指标包括身高、体重指数、吸烟、是否经常饮用碳酸饮料、文化程度、骨质疏松程度、投弹训练成绩、投弹姿势、热身是否充分、地域来源、是否经常参加体育锻炼、训练强度、天气因素等。结果试验组和对照组新兵在热身、是否经常参加体育锻炼、训练强度、投弹姿势、天气因素等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,入伍前缺乏体育锻炼、训练强度过大、投弹姿势不标准是新兵投弹骨折的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论投弹前充分热身、避免疲劳训练及突击训练、严格按照标准投弹姿势训练、经常参加体育锻炼、训练调整至气温较高的时间段等是预防新兵投弹骨折发生的有效措施。

Objective To analyze risk factors for grenade throwing fractures and put forward corresponding preventive measures for the fractures during the military training in recruits, so as to reduce the happen in the military training. Methods The research is case-control study. The trial group and the control group（39 patients each） were followed up and investigated. The investigation indicators included height, body mass index（BMI）, whether drinking carbonated beverage frequently, literacy, osteoporosis, throwing training score, throwing posture, warm-up sufficiently, region, whether attend often physical exercise before recruitment, exercise strength, and weather factor. Results There were significant differences in the warm-up sufficiency, attending physical exercise before recruitment, exercise intensity, throwing posture, weather factor between trial group and the control group in recruits. The logistic regression analysis showed that the lack of physical exercise before recruitment, strong exercise intensity, nonstandard throwing posture were the risk factors in grenade throwing fractures in recruits. Conclusion Sufficient warm-up, avoiding exhausted exercise and assault exercise, strict training in accordance with the standard throwing posture, regular participation in physical exercise before recruitment and training in warm season are effective methods for preventing grenade throwing fractures in recruits.