知信行模式对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能及吸入性肺炎发生情况的影响

Effects of KAP Model on Swallowing Function and Aspiration Pneumonia in Patients with Dysphagia after Stroke

目的:探讨知信行模式护理干预对脑卒中吞咽障碍患者吞咽功能及吸入性肺炎发生情况的影响。方法:将68例脑卒中吞咽障碍患者随机分为观察组32例和对照组36例,对照组接受常规护理干预,观察组应用知信行模式进行护理干预;护理后4周监测两组患者各指标变化情况。结果:干预4周后观察组洼田饮水试验(WTDWT)、吞咽功能分级(SFA)评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05),预后情况明显优于对照组(P<0.05),吸入性肺炎发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:知信行模式护理干预可有效改善脑卒中吞咽障碍患者的吞咽功能,降低吸入性肺炎的发生率,值得临床广泛推广和应用。

Objective： To explore the effects of KAP nursing intervention on the swallowing function and the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients with dysphagia. Methods： A total of 68 stroke patients with dysphagia were randomly divided into the observation group with 32 cases and the control group with 36 cases. The control group received the routine nursing intervention,while the observation group received the nursing intervention with KAP model. Two groups＇ changes of the indicators were monitered during 4 weeks after the nursing intervention. Results： After 4 weeks intervention,the observation groups Watian drinking water test（ WTDWT）,swallowing function classification（ SFA） scores were significantly higher than those in the control group（ P〈0. 05）. The total efficiency of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group（ P〈0. 05）,and the prognosis was significantly better than that in the control group（ P〈0. 05）. The incidence of aspiration pneumonia was significantly lower than that in the control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion： The nursing intervention can improve the swallowing function of stroke patients with dysphagia and reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia.