东汉列侯分封形式探微——以徙封与复封为中心

The Enfeoffment Forms of Noblemen in Eastern Han Dynasty with a Focus on the Migrating Enfeoffment and Restoring Enfeoffment

东汉列侯分封的形式主要有三种:徙封、复封与定封。朝廷徙封列侯的原因主要有两个:皇帝欲通过徙封对列侯施以惩戒处罚、酬功赏劳或特恩优宠等;国家通过徙封侯邑来满足行政区划整体调整的需要。中央复封列侯时,尽管恢复列侯原有爵邑的情形很普遍,但仍存在爵称、封邑或爵级发生改变的情形。

The enfeoffment forms of the noblemen in Eastern Han Dynasty mainly include the migrating enfeoffment, restoring enfeoffment and constant enfeoffment. The main reasons for the migrating enfeoffment of noblemen are as follows. Firstly, the emperors implemented the promotion, demotion, reward, disciplinary, grace and favor of noblemen though the migrating enfeoffment of noblemen. Secondly, the migrating enfeoffment can meet the needs of national administrative division adjustment. There are some changes in the title names of the noblemen, fiefs and title ranks of noblemen, although the restoration of original titles and fiefs of noblemen is common, when the titles of noblemen are restored by the central government.