秦皇岛市中青年高血压患者相关知识知晓程度与生活方式依从性的研究

Correlation Research Between the Cognition Qualities on the Related Knowledge and the Compliance With Lifestyle in Young and Middle-aged Hypertensive Patients in Qinhuangdao

目的研究秦皇岛市中青年高血压患者相关知识知晓程度和生活方式依从性及其关系。方法收集2012-2015年秦皇岛地区4所医院门诊和体检中心诊断的高血压患者410例,年龄在30~55岁,共发放问卷410份,收回400份,有效问卷398,分析调查问卷,用卡方检验及多因素进行分析。结果中青年高血压患者相关知识的平均得分为21.29±7.46,仅占满分的53.2%。各项知识中得分最高为诊断标准占满分的62.4%,自我监测和药物治疗得分相对较低,不到满分的一半。中青年高血压患者的相关知识知晓情况总体来说较差,其中总体知晓程度好的仅占9.5%;其中对诊断标准的知晓程度好的占43.2%,药物治疗知晓程度差的所占比例最高为62.3%。不同文化程度、职业、收入的中青年高血压患者知识知晓程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。χ~2检验显示,对高血压总体知识以及对诊断标准、症状、主要并发症、好发因素,自我监测、药物治疗等这些知识掌握程度不同的患者,在生活方式依从性方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示:高血压干预方法知识(β=0.201,P<0.05)的掌握程度影响其生活方式依从性,干预方法知晓越多,生活方式依从性越好。结论中青年高血压患者相关知识知晓程度低,生活方式依从性差,应重点针对中青年中文化程度低,收入低,职业为工人农民的人群进行健康宣教。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the awareness level of hypertension knowledge and medication compliance among the young and middle - aged patients in Qinhuangdao city. Methods In 2012 -2015, A total of 410 diagnosed hypertension patients were enrolled from in four hospitals and medical examination centers in Qinhuangdao, their age ranged from 30 to 55 years old. 410 questionnaires were issued and 400 were reclaimed. 398 valid questionnaires were analyzed by chi -square test and multiple factors analysis. Results The average scores of the hypertension knowledge among the young and middle - aged patients were 21.29 ± 7.46,which accounted for 53.2% of the total scores. The highest item was the knowledge of diagnostic criteria, which accounted for 62.4% of the total scores. Self - monitoring and drug therapy scores were relatively low, no more than half of the full scores. The general good awareness level only 9. 5 % ; the good awareness level of diagnostic criteria accounted for 43.2% ; the awareness level about drug therapy was the highest, which was accounted for 62.3 %. The awareness levels were significantly different in young and middle - aged hypertension patients of different culture, occupations, income and disease courses （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The chi -square test showed that patients with different knowledge in hypertension general and knowledge on the diagnostic criteria, symptoms, major complications, factors, self-monitoring and medication, were significantly different with medication compliance （P 〈 0.05 ）. The logistic regression analysis showed the knowledge of hypertension intervention （β =0. 201, P 〈 0. 05 ） could affect the life compliance. Conclusion The hypertension knowledge awareness was low with poor medication compliance among young and middle -aged hypertension patients. We should take health education among young and middle -aged residents, especially those low educational level, low income workers and farmers.