非编码RNA调控骨关节炎的分子生物学研究进展

Molecular biological research progress of non-coding RNAs modulating osteoarthritis

目的总结非编码RNA调控骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)的分子生物学研究进展,为生物学研究及临床治疗OA提供参考。方法广泛查阅近年国内外有关非编码RNA调控OA病理过程的相关研究报道,并进行总结。结果根据RNA长度可将非编码RNA分为3类。相关研究采用高通量测序技术以及基因芯片技术筛选出大量与OA发病过程相关的非编码RNA,并经RT-PCR验证此类非编码RNA多参与了OA的调控;通过对OA中表达最显著的非编码RNA进行基因敲减及过表达,明确了其调控OA的作用靶点;以及了解了非编码RNA间以及非编码RNA与编码RNA间存在复杂的基因共表达网络拓扑结构,为明确基因间结构及功能的相互作用、寻求OA治疗靶点提供线索。结论目前对于非编码RNA调控OA病理过程的分子生物学机制已有初步研究,但每个非编码RNA发挥调控作用的关键结构或序列,以及其效应复合结构的组建及相互作用机制仍未明确,有待进一步研究。

Objective To summarize the molecular biological research progress of non-coding RNAs modulating osteoarthritis （OA）, and provide a reference basis for biological study and clinical treatment of OA. Methods Recent domestic and foreign related literature about the regulation of OA pathological process by non-coding RNAs was widely reviewed. Results Non-coding RNAs can be divided into three types based on the length of RNA. A lot of non-coding RNAs participating in OA pathological process are screened out by high throughput sequencing technology and microarray technology, and it is verified that these non-coding RNAs involve in the regulation of OA by RT-PCR. The mechanism of OA mediated target is clarified by knocking-down and overexpressing of the most prominent expressed non-coding RNAs in OA. There are the complicated gene expressed network topology in non-coding RNAs, and between non-coding RNAs and coding RNAs. It provides a basis for clearing the effect of gene structure and function, and finding the definite therapeutic target of OA. Conclusion There is preliminary study on molecular biological mechanism of non- coding RNAs mediating OA, but the key structure or sequence of non-coding RNAs, formation and interaction of effecting composite structure about mediating OA are unknown, and it needs further study.