寄生虫性胸腔积液

Parasitic infections involving the pleura

寄生虫病是波及全世界的感染性疾病,随着交通运输的发展,某些区域性流行的寄生虫感染已突破地域限制,流行变得普遍,对人类健康威胁严重。一些寄生虫感染可导致胸膜受累,常见的有溶组织内阿米巴、细粒棘球绦虫和肺吸虫等,表现为胸腔积液、脓胸、胸膜增厚、液气胸和支气管胸膜瘘等。寄生虫导致的胸膜病变在疾病的初期往往无法识别,易于与其他病原导致的胸膜病变相混淆,阐述寄生虫感染导致的胸腔积液,有利于临床医生在难治性胸腔积液的诊治过程中提高认识,及早给予诊断和治疗。

Parasitic infections are prevalent in the world and may cause pleural involvement, which often goes unrecog- nized. With the rapid development of transportation, some re- gional epidemic parasitic infections have broken through the geographical restrictions, becoming very common and a seri- ous threat to human health. Common parasites involving the pleura include Entamoeba histolytica, Echinococcus granulo- sus and Paragonimus westermani. Parasitic infection can cause reactive pleural effusions, empyema, bronchopleural fistula, and pleural thickening and pneumothorax. This article pro- vides a comprehensive review of parasitic diseases of the pleu- ra. A high index of suspicion in the appropriate clinical setting is required to facilitate prompt diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.