麦秸/木材均质复合无机碎料板的制备及其性能

Preparation and Properties of Inorganic Particleboard with a Uniform Mixture of Wheat Straw and Wood

以麦秸、木材和环保阻燃无机胶黏剂为主要原料,通过麦秸和木材碎料均匀混合的方式,采用热压工艺制备麦秸/木材均质复合无机碎料板,研究了麦秸与木材的配比、施胶量、热压时间和热压温度对板材性能的影响,并通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜分析了其对板材性能的影响机制。结果表明,随着麦秸与木材配比减小,板材静曲强度(MOR)、弹性模量(MOE)和内结合强度(IB)逐渐增大,2h吸水厚度膨胀率(TS)逐渐减小,优选配比为m(麦秸)∶m(木材)=4∶6。随着施胶量的增大,板材的MOR、MOE先增大后减小,IB逐渐增大,TS逐渐减小。施胶量为63%时,板材的MOR、MOE分别达到最大值15.5 MPa、3 110 MPa,此时,IB、TS分别为0.47 MPa、5.5%。随着热压温度的升高和热压时间的延长,板材的MOR、MOE、IB逐渐增大,TS逐渐减小。热压温度和热压时间分别为100℃、30min时,MOR、MOE、IB分别达到最大值(16.8 MPa、3 350 MPa、0.56 MPa),TS达到最小值(3.5%)。优化制板工艺为m(麦秸)∶m(木材)=4∶6,施胶量63%,热压时间30min,热压温度100℃。

With wheat straw,wood and environmentally friendly and flame retardant inorganic adhesive as major raw materials,inorganic particleboard with a uniform mixture of wheat straw and wood was manufactured by hot-pressing technology.The effect of wheat straw-wood ratio,adhesive consumption,hot-pressing time and hot-pressing temperature on physical and mechanical properties of the board was studied,and influencing mechanism of them on the board′s properties was analyzed by X-ray diffraction（XRD）and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）.Results showed that modulus of rupture（MOR）,modulus of elasticity（MOE）and internal bond strength（IB）of the board gradually increased while thickness swelling（TS）of that gradually decreased with declining wheat straw-wood ratio;optimal ratio was 4∶6.With increase of adhesive consumption,MOR and MOE firstly increased and then decreased,meanwhile,IB increased gradually and TS decreased gradually;MOR and MOE reached the maximum as 15.5 MPa and 3 110 MPa respectively when adhesive consumption was 63%,IB and TS was 0.47 MPa and 5.5% at this point.MOR,MOE and IB gradually increased while TS gradually decreased with increase of hot-pressing temperature and hot-pressing time;MOR,MOE and IB reached the maximum as 16.8 MPa,3 350 MPa and 0.56 MPa,while the TS reached the minimum as 3.5% with hotpressing temperature of 100 ℃ and hot-pressing time of 30 min.Optimal process was as follows：wheat straw-wood ratio of 4∶6,adhesive consumption of 63%,hot-pressing time of 30 min and hot-pressing temperature of 100 ℃.