三维石墨烯及其复合材料的制备及在超级电容器中的研究进展

Recent Advances in Preparation of Three-dimensional Graphene and Relevant Composites and Their Applications in Supercapacitors

三维(3D)石墨烯及其复合材料具有柔韧性好、比表面积大、功率密度高、力学性能稳定以及离子传输迅速等优良性能,成为材料科学领域备受关注的材料。概述了三维石墨烯材料的基本性质和性能,并对其多元复合材料的制备方法以及在超级电容器储能材料方面的应用研究进展进行了评述。三维(3D)石墨烯常用的制备方法有自组装法、模板导向法和3D打印法等,通过对制备方法进行改进,可以有效调控三维材料的多孔结构、孔径、柔韧性和电子传递速度等性能。三维(3D)石墨烯与过渡金属化合物及导电聚合物复合而成的多元复合物在超级电容器电极材料方面表现出广阔的应用前景。

Three dimensional （3D） graphene and its composite have recently attracted great interests in the field of materials science because of its superior properties such as good flexibility, large specific surface area, high power density, stable mechanical properties, fast electron transport and so on. In this paper, the basic properties of the three dimensional graphene materials are summarized. The preparation methods of the composite materials and their applications in supercapacitor are reviewed. The widely used preparation methods include self-assembly method, template method and 3D printing technique and so on. The performances of porous structure, pore size, flexibility and electron transport rate can be optimized by improving the preparation methods. The com- posite composed of three dimensional （3D） graphene, transition metal compounds and conductive polymer showed a remarkable application potential as supercapacitor electrode materials.