镍渣资源化利用现状及发展趋势分析

Current Situation and Development of Comprehensive Utilization of Nickel Slag

镍渣含Fe 40%~45%,SiO_232%~36%,MgO 1%~11%,CaO 1%~3%(质量分数),并含少量的镍、铜、钴等有价金属,是重要的二次资源。介绍了典型镍渣成分及物相,总结了镍渣提取有价金属、作井下填充材料、生产微晶玻璃、制备建材等资源化利用工艺的技术要点,分析了现有工艺存在的问题,提出了镍渣直接还原提铁及协同制备胶凝材料的绿色利用思路,介绍了初步研究结果,探讨了进一步资源化的方向。

Nickel slag from nickel smelting process is an important secondary metal resource, which contains 40%-45% of Fe, 32%-36% of SiO2, 1%-11% of MgO, 1%-3% of CaO （mass fraction） and small amounts of nickel, copper, cobalt and other valuable metals. The composition and phase constitution of typical nickel slag were introduced. The technical points and existing problems of typical comprehensive utilization processes like extraction of valuable metals, manufacture of mine filling material, production of glass ceramics, and preparation of building materials from nickel slag were summarized. A new process to produee direct-reduced iron and cementing material simultaneously was proposed. The preliminary research results which have a broad prospect for comprehensive utilization of nickel slag were briefly introduced.