一种鲁棒的无线传感器网络覆盖空洞修补方法

Robust Approach for Holes Recovery of Wireless Sensor Networks

在静态节点和少量移动节点构成的无线传感器混合网络中,针对部分静态节点失效会导致形成若干覆盖空洞的问题,提出了一种鲁棒的空洞修复算法。受鱼群运动模式的启发,该算法以网络覆盖率为目标函数,将移动节点的位置迁移过程抽象为人工鱼的生物行为,在传统鱼群觅食、追尾、聚群运动模式的基础上又定义鱼跃、优胜劣汰重生两个新的运动行为以提高寻优的收敛性;在人工鱼状态更新的过程中,采用自适应的视野和步长;最后以实际随机部署的移动节点距离目标点最近为原则,通过鱼群寻优完成空洞目标位置的修补。模拟实验结果表明,该算法无需修补前的地理位置信息和空洞探测,鲁棒性强,能够在使用较少移动节点的情况下快速完成空洞修复,显著地提高了网络覆盖率。

In the wireless sensor hybrid networks composed of stationary nodes and mobile nodes,coverage holes is one of the key problems because it directly reduces the performance of network.In order to solve this problem,a robust approach based on improved artificial fish swarm algorithm was presented for holes recovery in this paper.The movement of mobile nodes is analogized to the motion of artificial fish such as prey,follow and swarm with the network coverage as object function.Two new fish motions called as jump and rebirth are also presented to enhance the convergence of this algorithm.The self-adaptive visual distance and step size of fish are implemented when the status of artificial fish is updated to recover the hole of networks.Simulation experiments show the robustness of the algorithm.The holes can be recovered efficiently without location information and holes probe using the least amount of mobile nodes.The network coverage is improved significantly with this proposed algorithm.