放射性心脏损伤的研究进展

Research advances in radiation-induced heart disease

放射性心脏损伤是胸部放疗临床较常见的放射损伤.早期症状多不明显,随着时间的延长,会对心脏造成不可逆转的永久损伤,影响生活质量,严重者会加重冠状动脉硬化,造成心肌梗死危及生命.本文总结了流行病学、诊断、心脏各个部分的放射性损伤机制、放疗技术及治疗等方面的进展,对放射性心脏损伤做到缩小照射范围、降低照射剂量、早期诊断、及早重视与及时处理,减少心脏损伤以提高患者生活质量.

Radiation-induced heart disease （ RIHD） is a common type of radiation-induced damages in chest radiotherapy. There are no obvious short-term symptoms in patients with RIHD. However, RIHD causes irreversible permanent damages to the heart over time, which undermines the quality of life. Patients with severe RIHD even have a risk of death from myocardial infarction caused by coronary atherosclerosis. This paper summarizes the research advances in epidemiology, diagnosis, mechanisms of radiation-induced injury in various parts of the heart, radiotherapy techniques, and treatment. Reduction in radiation range and dose, early diagnosis, and early treatment are recommended for patients to reduce heart injury and improve the quality of life.