农民工的“平凡世界”与幸福感——兼对“Easterlin悖论”的一个验证

“Ordinary World”of Migrant Workers and Happiness:An Empirical Study on the Easterlin Paradox

基于中国健康与营养调查数据,本文实证研究发现,农民工幸福感毫不逊色于城市居民。农民工幸福感存在"Easterlin悖论",即收入的增加不能提升他们的幸福感。农民工幸福感由西部地区向东部地区呈现梯度上升的特征,且这一特征与区域工资上升无关。如今的农民工更加关注工作的本身,从事"体面"工作的农民工幸福感要明显高于其他农民工,其中原因并非收入的作用,而是一些非收入因素的影响,尤其是闲暇带来的更多幸福感增进。除此以外,企业所有制、健康人力资本等一些其他非收入因素的影响也较为明显,均有助于提升农民工幸福感。论文最后提出政府应从农民工就业环境监管、产业转型与农民工培训、财政补贴农民工享有城市基本公共服务等角度提升农民工幸福感,并且也阐述了研究结论对于推进农民工市民化所具有的政策启示意义。

Based on the CHNS data, this paper finds that happiness of migrant workers is not inferior to that of urban residents. There is a ＂Easterlin Paradox＂ in the happiness of migrant workers. In other words, their happiness is not related with the increase of income. The happiness of migrant workers rises gradually from west to east, showing a rising gradient characteristics. But it has nothing to do with the regional wage ris- ing. Migrant workers pay more attention to the work itself. Decent job can arouse more happiness than in- come. In addition, enterprise ownership, healthy human capital and other non income factors are also more important to arouse happiness. Finally, this paper expounds the policy implications of the research conclusions to promote the migrant workers＇ citizenship