土地产权视角下农村集体经济组织存在问题的历史分析——以山东省东营市为例

Statuses of Rural Collective Economic Organizations and Their Macro-Historical Origins——A Case Study in Dongying City

该研究在山东省东营市各县区共选取11个村庄,调研农村集体经济组织界定及其成员身份认定问题。调研结果显示东营市农村集体经济组织因转为基层公共管理组织致使原有经济职能消失。集体土地所有权均确权登记在村委会一级,但部分村庄的村民小组依然保留土地及其收益的支配权。农村集体经济组织成员的身份认定较多依赖于集体经济组织自我认定,缺乏明确的法律政策依据。当前东营市农村集体经济组织存在的各种问题主要源于计划经济时期行政管理、生产经营和土地产权制度一体化管理模式。今后应在农村土地产权改革的基础上,利用现代企业制度将农村集体经济组织的职能向农民专业合作组织转移,并完善内部成员的准入退出机制。

Eleven villages were selected to research the definition of rural collective economic organization and its membership. The results showed that related economic functions vanished with the change of their roles. The desig- nation of membership is determined by rural collective economic organization themselves with diversified standards, and has little relationship with census register or career. Coupled with documentary, the conclusion can be drawn that rural collective owned land and benefit bondage are key elements impacting the definition of rural collective e- conomic organization and its membership. Some measures shall be taken to accelerate the reform of rural collective owned land. And rural collective economic organization shall be evolved towards modem enterprise system, with ad- mittance and quit mechanisms.