36名医务人员职业伤害调查分析与预防措施的探讨

Discussion 36 Medical Personnel Occupational Injuries Investigation and Prevention Measures

目的:了解本院医务人员职业伤害情况,分析发生职业伤害的原因,探讨减少医护人员职业伤害的对策。方法:对本院2011年1月-2015年12月36份职业暴露登记表收集的相关因素和数据进行统计分析。结果:36名医务人员职业暴露中手术科室52.78%,临床普通科室47.22%;护士55.56%,医生44.44%;年龄30岁以下83.33%,30岁以上16.67%;自伤94.44%,他伤5.56%;穿刺、拔针58.33%,手术、缝合30.55%,处理废物5.56%,血液羊水溅入黏膜5.56%;明确污染源83.33%(其中HBV 50.00%、HCV 8.33%、HIV 5.56%、梅毒8.33%、HCV+梅毒8.33%、HBV+梅毒2.78%)、无明确污染源16.67%;暴露后伤者血液监测、局部处理、报告登记追踪均为100%,患者血液监测为83.33%,预防用药52.78%。结论:应加强医务人员岗前和在职培训,增强职业安全防护意识,严格执行标准预防,建立健全健康档案并做好预防接种工作,提倡安全注射,规范安全操作,将职业伤害降到最低。

Objective： To investigate the occupational injury situation of medical staff in our hospital, analyzes the causes, explore the countermeasures.Method： 36 occupational exposure registration were collected and analyzed from January 2011 to December 2015.Result： In 36 medical personnel occupational exposure, the surgical departments accounted for 52.78%, general clinical departments was 47.22%; nurses was 55.56%, doctors was 44.44%; under 30 years old was 83.33%, over 30 years old was 16.67%; self-injury was 94.44%, trauma by other people was 5.56%; puncture or withdrawal needles was 58.33%, surgical or suture was 30.55%, waste treated was 5.56%, blood or amniotie fluid splashed into the mucosal was 5.56%; clear sources of injury was 83.33% （inclued HBV 50.00%, HCV 8.33%, HIV 5.56%, syphilis 8.33%, HCV＋syphilis 8.33%, HBV＋syphilis 2.78% ）, no clear sources was 16.67%; Blood monitoring, local processing, registration tracking reports all were 100% after exposure, patient＇s blood monitoring were 83.33%, preventive medications was 52.78%.Conclusion： It is necessary to strengthen the pre-service and in-service training of medical personnel, to enhance occupational safety awareness, strict implementation of standard precautions, establish and improve health records andpreventive vaccination, promotion of safe injection, regulate the safe operation, alleviate occupational injuries to a minimum.