5Berghella V,Baxter JK,Chauhan SP,et al. Evidence-based labor and delivery management[J]. Am J Obstet Gynecol,2008,199 (5) :445-454.
6McKinnie V,Swift SE ,Wang W. The effect of pregnancy and mode of delivery on the prevalence of urinary and fecal incontinence[J]. Am J Obstet Gynecol,2005,193:512-517.
7Frankman EA,Wang L,Bunker CH,et al. Episiotomy in the United States:has anything changed? [J]. Am J Obstet Gyneeol, 2009,200 (5) : 5731-5737.
8McCandlish R,Bowler U,van Asten H,et al. A randomised controlled trial of care of the perineum during second stage of normal labour[J].Brit J Obstet Gynaec,1998,105(12) : 1262-1272.
9Foroughipour A,Firuzeh F,Ghahiri A. The effect of perineal control with hands-on and hand-poised methods on perineal trauma and delivery outcome[J].J Res Med Sci,2011,16(8): 1040-1046.
10Rozita R,Sussan S,Chan YH,et al. A Comparison of the "Hands-Off'and "Hands-On"Methods to Reduce Perineal Lacerations :A Randomised Clinical Trial[J]. J Obstet and Gyneco India, 2014,64 ( 6 ) : 425 -429.