干扰还是交互?工作场所即时通讯工具使用对感知工作负荷的影响——多重任务趋向的调节作用

Interruption or Interactivity?The Mechanism of Instant Messaging at Work on Perceived Workload:the Moderating Effect of Polychronicity

随着即时通讯工具在工作场所的广泛应用,其对工作的影响成为理论界和实践界关注的焦点。基于媒介能力理论和分心冲突理论,从交互与工作干扰正反两方面探讨工作场所即时通讯工具使用对感知工作负荷的影响,并探讨个体特质——多重任务趋向的调节作用,从而剖析其内在影响机制。实证研究发现:工作场所即时通讯工具使用对交互产生显著正向影响;工作干扰与交互都对感知工作负荷具有正向预测效果;多重任务趋向正向调节工作干扰与感知工作负荷的关系,负向调节工作交互与感知工作负荷的关系。

With Instant Messaging(IM)widely used in workplace,the effects of IM on work become the focus of attention for both scholars and practitioners.Based on the media capacity theories and distraction-conflict theory,we propose that while the use of IM at work will cause work interruption and interactivity,which both will lead to increasing perceived workload.The mediating effect of individual traits-polychronicity has also been discussed.This study finds that the use of IM at work has a positive impact on interactivity significantly;work interruption and interactivity predict perceived workload positively;polychronicity positively moderates the relationship between work interruption and perceived workload;polychronicity negatively moderates the relationship between interactivity and perceived workload.