说“圣人道”“圣人条”：秦始皇直道研究札记

On the Saint Road and Saint Stripe:Notes on the Research of Qinshihuang's Straight Way

"圣人道""圣人条"作为陕甘方志文献中记录的古代交通地理符号,指代南北交通要道的涵义是明确的。至于其开通和使用的年代,则有秦始皇与赫连勃勃两种说法。史念海曾以"圣人道""圣人条"名号否定有的学者认定其为秦始皇直道的判断。其实,注意方志载录更多的有关"圣人道""圣人条"即"秦始皇筑长城开运粮道""秦始皇令蒙恬所开者"的信息,或可再作思考。现在看来,安塞、庆阳、鄜州、合水等方志资料所见"圣人道""圣人条"为秦始皇时代开筑的说法,是有一定可信度的。所见"迄今坦然周行"等说法,也值得研究者重视。

＂ The Saint Way＂ and ＂ Saint Stripe＂ are recorded in the Shaanxi - Gansu Local chorography to serve as symbols of ancient traffic, and obviously stories about its openning and application period, they refer to the South - north traffic arteries. There are two namely the stories told in the periods of Qinshihuang and Helian Bobo. Shi Nianhai used to refute them as the traffic arteries of Qin Shihuang, an opinion held by many scholars. Actually, there are many records about them in the ancient local chorography, and such literature indude：Qishihuang opens up a road for grain transportation, Qinshihuang orders Meng Tian to open up. Therefor, the story that the Saint Road and Saint stripe were opened up in the period period of Qishihuang recorded in the chorography of Ansai, Qingyang and Heshui are not far from the truth.