云南个旧锡矿区农田土壤和农作物重金属污染研究

Investigation of Heavy Metals of Farmland Soil and Crops in Stannary of Gejiu in Yunnan

对云南个旧锡矿业活动区农田土壤及农作物进行野外调查采样,测定分析土壤及农作物中Pb、As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Cu和Zn含量。结果表明,土壤中Pb、As、Cd、Cu、Zn污染严重。其中Pb、As元素超标率为100%,土壤中Hg没有超标。在矿业活动区的小麦、萝卜、豌豆尖均受到严重的重金属污染。小麦污染程度:Pb>As>Cr>Hg>Cd>Zn。萝卜污染程度:Pb>As>Cr>Hg>Zn>Cd>Cu。豌豆尖污染程度:Pb>As>Cr>Cd>Zn>Hg>Cu。通过土壤和农作物中重金属含量相关性分析,小麦中的大部分As、Pb、Cd、Zn来自于土壤,萝卜中的Hg、Zn主要来源于土壤,豌豆尖中的大部分As、Cd、Cu、Zn来自于土壤。

The field investigation of farmland soil and crops in mine mountain of Gejiu stannary in Yunnan province was done to test and ana- lyze the content of Pb, As, Hg, Cd, Cr, Cu and Zn in soil and crops. And the resuh showed that there was a severe contamination of Pb, As, Cd, Cu and Zn in soil, in which over standard rates of Pb and As were100 % , and Hg did not over the standard. The heavy metals con- taminations of wheat, radish and pea in mining area were serious. The degree of heavy metal contamination in wheat： Pb 〉 As 〉 Cr 〉 Hg 〉 Cd 〉 Zn. The degree of heavy metal contamination in radish ： Pb 〉 As 〉 Cr 〉 Hg 〉 Zn 〉 Cd 〉 Cu. The degree of heavy metal contami- nation in pea： Pb 〉 As 〉 Cr 〉 Cd 〉 Zn 〉 Hg 〉 Cu. The correlation of heavy metal content in soil and crops was further analyzed, in which most of As, Pb, Cd and Zn in wheat was from soil, Hg and Zn in radish was mainly from soil, most of As, Cd, Cu and Zn in pea was from soil.