城市化效率的综合测度及其经济发展效应研究

Comprehensive Measurement on Urbanization Efficiency and its Economic Development Effects

城市化作为社会发展的普遍现象,内生于经济发展的过程之中,其运行效率如何,将对经济发展带来重要影响。以2002-2011年为研究时段,以全国30个省、自治区、直辖市地级以上城市为研究区域,对其城市化效率及其经济发展效应做出实证分析,结果发现:12002-2011年间,我国的城市化效率整体呈现波浪式下降的运行趋势,实现DEA有效的省市区数量总体也呈现下降的趋势,且处于生产前沿面的省市区空间分布发生根本性变动,东西部地区表现尤为明显;2城市化效率对经济发展的产出弹性系数为0.203,即城市化效率每增加1个百分点,经济发展水平将提升0.203个百分点;3劳动力投入和资本投入对经济发展水平的产出弹性系数分别为0.094和0.336,即劳动力投入和资本投入每增加1个百分点,经济发展水平将分别提升0.094和0.336个百分点。并据此提出促进城市化效率提升进而强化经济发展的政策建议。

As the common phenomenon of social development process, urbanization is inherent in economic development; the operation efficiency of urbanlzation will bring an important effect on the economic development. Based on 2002-2011 as the research time, the prefecture level urban of country＇s 30 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities as the study area, this paper makes empirical analysis on the urbanization efficiency and its economic development effects, the results showed that： ①during the period of2002-2011, the whole urbanization efficiency of our country present decline trend, the overall number DEA effective implementation of provinces and cities also showed a dovvnward trend, as well as the spatial distribution of the production fi：ontier provinces has a fimdamental change, the east and west area is particularly evident; ②output elastic coefficient of urbanization efficiency on economic development is 0.203, that means the urbanization efficiency increases 1 percentage point, the level of economic development will increase 0.203 percentage points; ③output elastic coefficient of the labor ,and capital on economic development are respectively 0.094 and 0.036, namely labor and capital investment increased by 1 percentage point, the level of economic development will increase 0.094 percentage points and 0.036 percentage points. And some policy recommendatins have put forward to promote urbanization efficiency and strengthen economic development.