文明转型视野下中国法治道路的百年变革

Review of China's Legal Development in the Past One Hundred Years from the Perspective of Civilization Transformation

从1902年到21世纪初,中国法治道路经历了四个转变,把百年变革的历程置于文明转型的视野之下,我们将会有更加深刻的认识:传统改良之路是在西方文明的紧逼下被迫进行的,保留了相当的中国法律传统;全面西化之路伴随着资产阶级政权的成立而开始,忽略了中国传统文化的重要作用;苏联道路则随着无产阶级政权执政而开始,忽视了民主法治;当下的中国特色社会主义法治道路,是从中国实际出发又借鉴了商工文明法治优越性的法治道路。百年变革背后深刻的事实是,中国法治的发展受着西方商工文明向中国扩张这一历史潮流的推动。

The legal development of China has undergone four changes since 1902. A review from the perspective of civilization transformation will shed light on the course. The traditional reform which carried on under the press of Western civilization retained considerable Chinese legal tradition. The road of comprehensive Westernization began with the establishment of the bourgeois regime, but it ignored the role of Chinese traditional culture. The road of the Soviet Union started with the proletariat regime, but neglected the democratic rule of law. And the present rule of law with Chinese characteristics has resulted from China＇ s actual conditions and drawn on the superiority of the law road of business civilization as well Examination of the changing process in the past one hundred years reveals such a fact that the development of Chinese law has been driven by the expansion of Western business civilization.