骨质疏松对种植义齿修复及预后的影响

Effect of osteoporosis on the prognosis of implant dentures

背景:种植义齿由于具有良好的功能和美观效果,因此越来越多患有骨质疏松症的缺牙患者要求接受种植义齿治疗,而目前对骨质疏松是否是种植义齿的禁忌证、骨质疏松对种植体骨性结合形成有怎样的影响作用等问题没有统一的认识。目的:比较骨质疏松患者和非骨质疏松患者碱性磷酸酶水平、骨密度变化以及种植体稳定性,探究骨质疏松患者能否取得良好的种植预后。方法:选自2015年2月以来在新疆医科大学第一附属医院口腔修复科行种植手术的患者40例,按是否确诊为骨质疏松分为试验组和对照组。其中试验组为骨质疏松且行种植义齿修复的患者20例,对照组为非骨质疏松且行种植义齿修复患者20例。结果与结论:2组患者唾液碱性磷酸酶水平、骨密度、种植体初期稳定性接近,种植后均较种植前碱性磷酸酶表达降低。试验组和对照组在种植后1,3个月种植体稳定系数与植入后即刻差异有显著性意义。说明骨质疏松患者行种植手术和正常健康者一样,可以达到良好的种植预后效果。

BACKGROUND： Due to good function and aesthetic effect, implant dentures become prevalent in osteoporotic patients with missing teeth. However, whether osteoporosis is a contraindication of dentures as well as effects of osteoporosis on the bone-implant integration have been not fully understood. OBJECTIVE： To compare the levels of alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral density and implant stability in patientswith osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis, and to explore whether the osteoporotic patients can achieve good prognosis. METHODS： Forty patients undergoing implant dentures in the Department of Prosthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University since February 2015 were enrolled, and allotted to experimental（osteoporosis） and control（non-osteoporosis） groups（n=20 per group）. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The levels of salivary alkaline phosphatase, bone mineral density and initial implant stability in the experiment and control groups both were lower than those before surgery. There were significant differences in the implant stability quotient at 1 and 3 months and immediately after implantation between groups. These results indicate that osteoporotic patients undergoing implant surgery can achieve a good prognosis that is similar with non-osteoporosis ones.