钛合金表面生物活性涂层及成骨效果的研究与进展

Research advance in the osteointegration of surface bioactive coating on titanium alloys

背景:医用钛合金作为骨科常用修复材料,其具有良好的生物相容性和力学支撑,但缺乏骨整合能力,表面生物活性涂层修饰可以改善其生物学性能。目的:综述钛合金表面修饰中生物活性涂层技术的应用进展,探讨其促进骨生成的机制。方法:检索Pub Med数据库和CNKI数据库,中文关键词为"钛,钛合金,涂层,表面修饰,骨组织",英文关键词为"titanium,titanium alloy,coating,surface modification,bone",时间限定为2000年1月至2016年3月。在结果中初步分析,筛选出有关钛合金表面涂层修饰的相关文章42篇。结果与结论:钛合金表面修饰技术经历了从表面粗化、氧化、酸化的处理方式向目前应用最广泛的生物活性涂层技术的转变。在钛合金表面生物活性涂层中,主要有羟基磷灰石涂层、生物活性玻璃涂层、分子筛涂层等,且已经从单一涂层发展到复合涂层和梯度涂层,同时在涂层中负载生物活性因子或金属离子,可以完善钛合金表面生物活性涂层的骨诱导性能。钛合金表面修饰是个复杂的过程,既要考虑改性后涂层促进骨生成的能力,还要考虑涂层与基底钛合金结合强度。对现有生物活性涂层制备方式的改善以及生物活性涂层新材料的进一步探索,是实现优质表面生物活性涂层修饰的关键。

BACKGROUND： Titanium alloy, a commonly used bone biomaterial, holds good biocompatibility and proper mechanical properties, but without osteointegration ability. Surface bioactive coating of titanium alloy can overcome such problems.OBJECTIVE： To review the application progress of surface bioactive coating on titanium alloys, and to explore the mechanism underlying its osteogenic induction. METHODS： Pub Med and CNKI databases were searched for literatures concerning surface bioactive coating on titanium alloys published from January 2000 to March 2016, using the keywords of ＂titanium, titanium alloys, coating, surface modification, bone＂ in English and Chinese, respectively. Through preliminary analysis, 42 eligible articles were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The surface modification method has undergone the transition from surface roughening, oxidation, acidification treatment to the most widely used biomimetic coating technology. The surface biomimetic coatings of titanium alloys mainly include hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, zeolite, which have been developed from a single coating to the composite coatings and gradient coatings. What＇s more, the bioactive factor or/and metal ions in the coating can improve the osteointegration of surface coating. Surface modification for titanium alloys is a complex process, during which, both the osteogenesis ability and the bonding strength between the coating and its substrate cannot be ignored. Improving the fabrication method of existing coatings and exploring new materials of biomimetic coatings are critical to achieve a high-quality surface coating modification.