初诊肿瘤患者心理痛苦状况及舒缓疗护意愿调查

Survey on psychological distress and willingness for palliative care among newly diagnosed cancer patients

目的了解初诊肿瘤患者心理痛苦现状、影响因素及舒缓疗护需求,为针对性干预提供参考。方法对85例初诊肿瘤患者采用自行修订的舒缓疗护适应范围问卷进行调查。结果患者心理痛苦得分4.45±2.45,达显著心理痛苦者占61.18%;不同种类疾病者心理痛苦得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);心理痛苦相关因素5个因子问题存在率5.88%~27.65%,排序前3的条目为无时间精力照顾孩子、疲乏、担忧及无时间精力做家务;对舒缓疗护有需求者为62.35%(53/85),女性及乳腺癌患者需求率高于男性及其他患者(均P<0.01)。结论初诊肿瘤患者心理痛苦处于中度程度,影响因素较多,主要为实际问题及心身问题,对舒缓疗护有较高的需求。医护人员需了解不同个体的心理痛苦因素,采取针对性措施加以改善。

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of psychological distress, and need for palliative care among newly diagnosed cancer patients, in order to provide reference for targeted intervention. Methods A total of 85 newly diagnosed cancer pa- tients were investigated using self-revised palliative care application scope questionnaire. Results Score of psychological distress for the patients was 4.45± 2.45, and 61.18 % of whom were in significant psychological distress. There was significant difference in the score of psychological distress for patients with different diagnosis of cancer （P〈0.05）. There were 5 influencing factors of psychological distress, the prevalence of which were 5.88% to 27.65%, the top three items were having no time and energy to take care of children, fatigue, worry and having no time and energy to do housework; 62.35 % （53/85） patients needed palliative care, the need of palliative care for the patients with a female gender or a breast cancer diagnose were significantly higher than the male patients with other diagnosis （P〈0.01 for both）. Conclusion The psychological distress of newly diagnosed cancer patients is in a medium level, and it is influenced by many factors, being mostly real problems and mind-body problems, and the patients have a high demand for palliative care. Medical staff should understand different psychological distress factors of individuals, and adopt targeted interventions to improve distress.