肝炎患者居家注射干扰素医疗废物处置的教育

Effect of health education on medical waste disposal for hepatitis patients receiving interferon injection at home

目的探讨健康教育对肝炎患者居家注射干扰素医疗废物处置的影响。方法将2013年8月至2015年9月居家注射干扰素的肝炎患者216例按时间段分为两组,观察组(108例)把医疗废弃物处置相关内容纳入教育课堂,通过延续护理给予干预,采用网络视频、电话督导、定期随访、按时复诊的方法了解居家干扰素注射的肝炎患者对医疗废物的处置情况,对医疗废物危害性和处置方法进行健康教育。对照组(108例)对患者及家属进行肝炎常识教育、注射知识教育及医疗废物知识教育,常规随访。比较两组对医疗废物的危害性认知及处置情况的差异。结果观察组对医疗废物危害性的知晓率达94.44%、对医疗废物处置正确率达91.67%,显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论健康教育中增加医疗废弃物处置相关内容有助于规范居家注射干扰素患者医疗废物的处置行为,减少疾病传播及环境的污染。

Objective To explore the effect of health education on medical waste disposal for hepatitis patients receiving interferon in jection at home. Methods A total of 216 hepatitis patients receiving interferon injection at home from August 2013 to September 2015 were divided into an observation group and a control group according to chronological order, with 108 patients in each group. The observation group received education class including medical waste disposal knowlege, the class was implemented through transional care, such as network video, telephone supervision, regular follow-up and timely referral. The patients also were investi- gated about their disposal of medical waste and their cognition regarding the risk of medical waste. The control group was followed up and received general education about the knowledge of hepatitis, injection and medical waste. The cognition regarding the risk of medical waste and disposal of medical waste between the 2 groups were compared. Results In the observation group, the cognition rate regarding the risk of medical waste was 94.44% ,and the rate of correct medical waste disposal was 91.67%, which were sig- nificantly higher than the control group （P〈0.01 for both）. Conclusion Health education adding the content of medical waste dis posal is benefit to regulate the behavior of medical waste disposal for hepatitis patients receiving interferon injection at home, and reduce the spread of the disease and the pollution of the environment.