民用飞机应急断离典型结构设计及试验研究

Emergency Break-Away Typical Structure Design and Test of Civil Aircrafts

应急断离结构主要用于飞机的重要连接部位,如发动机吊挂接头、起落架接头及襟翼连接接头等,其结构设计及适航验证是民用飞机机体结构设计的关键技术。为表明民用飞机适航性,通过对民用飞机适航条款(CCAR-25)及应急着陆情况的分析,研究给出了民用飞机应急断离典型结构的设计方法及适航验证流程,并基于此对应急断离典型结构进行设计和试验验证。结果表明:所采用的民用飞机应急断离设计方法及试验方案满足适航要求,可运用于民用飞机应急断离典型结构设计及民用飞机适航验证;断离时间及断离失效判据与理论预测结果吻合较好,可为典型结构断离设计提供理论依据。

Emergency break-away structure is used for critical connection area of aircraft, for example aircraft pylon, landing gear and flap structures. Its design and airworthiness are the key technologies of civil aircraft. Based on analysis of airworthiness requirements （CCAR-25） for emergency landing, a new method of the emergency break-away typical structure design and its airworthiness verification are pro- posed. Using this method, an emergency break-away typical structure test is designed. Test results show that this method complies with the airworthiness requirement of emergency landing, so it can be used for designing the emergency break-away typical structure and confirming its airworthiness compliance. Moreover,since the break-away time and failure criteria obtained in the test coincide with the ones of the theory analysis, this method has a practice value in civil aircraft emergency break-away typical structure design and its airworthiness verification.