拓殖高原、永久定居、麦作传入:对当前青藏高原史前考古重大争论的回应

Peopling Plataeau,Permanent Occupation and Wheat Spreding:Responding to Big Disputes on Prehistoric Archaeology in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

近年来,西藏高原的史前考古学吸引了诸多学者的注意,在具有影响力的国际期刊上发表的研究成果日益增多,意见也较为分歧,成为近年亚洲考古研究的热区。概括而言,目前争论焦点主要聚焦于以下三个问题:"人类何时拓殖青藏高原"?"人类何时永久定居青藏高原"与"青藏高原最早的农业证据"。本文尝试对最近的研究做出评论性回应。为了更好理解人类在青藏高原早期活动历史以及与环境的互动关系,在未来的研究中,笔者提倡谨慎或有限定地使用"青藏高原"这个地理概念,并重视考古遗存背景的重要性,且应当在这一区域投入更多、更细致的田野工作。

The current debate focuses on three main questions： ＂When did humans begin to colonize the Tibetan Plateau？＂, ＂When did humans come to live in permanent settlements on the Tibetan Plateau？＂, and ＂What is the earliest evidence for local agriculture＂？ This paper attempts to evaluate and comment on recent debating, Suggesting further study should clarify the definition of the Tibet plateau with consideration of the ecological and cultural diversity, and should start from excavated sites with reliable context not only the profile samples or the prediction model.