宪法环境条款在环保执法中的适用

Constitutional Environmental Provisions Applied in Environmental Law Enforcement

宪法的实施不仅仅限于立法环节,在司法以及行政环节也可以找到宪法实施的途径。宪法对环境方面作出了相关规定,但由于宪法的抽象性,不仅需要立法者依据宪法作出更加详细的法律,在行政执法环节则要求环境行政执法机关做到依宪解释,对环境相关法律法规的理解应当符合宪法的精神。宪法环境条款中规定了国家的环境保护义务。环境行政机关作为行使国家环境行政管理权的主体,应当在环境行政执法中践行宪法的实施,做到依宪释法。依宪释法不仅要求行政机关在具体行政行为时做到行政行为符合宪法精神,同时还要求这种解释符合法律目的和遵循一定的利益衡量标准,从而在个案中做到依宪释法。

The implementation of the constitution should not only be limited to the legislative field, in the judicial and administrative areas can also find ways to implement the constitution. Constitution has made related provisions to the environment, but given the abstraction of the constitution, legislators need to make more detailed laws in accordance with the Constitution, in the administrative law enforcement, the environmental administrative law enforcement agencies are also required to do so in conformity with the constitution, the interpretation of environmental laws must favor one meaning that is compatible with the constitution law. The environmental obligations of the state are defined in the constitutional environmental provisions, so the administrative law enforcer therefore have to respect the constitution. Constitutionally oriented interpretation not only requires the executive authorities to make specific administrative acts should be compatible with the constitutional provisions, but also requires the interpretation should be consistent with the purpose of norms and to follow certain principles of measurement. The environmental law enforcement agencies should also balance two constitutionally protected goods when solving the concrete ordinary legal dispute.