精神分裂症者凶杀行为特征与其刑事责任能力相关性

Characteristics of Schizophrenia Patients' Homicide Behaviors and Their Correlations with Criminal Capacity

目的探讨精神分裂症者凶杀行为特征及影响刑事责任能力评定的因素。方法自制调查表收集并比较经司法鉴定为具有凶杀行为的精神分裂症嫌疑人(n=110)与具有凶杀行为的无精神病者(n=70)的一般人口学资料、临床资料、作案行为特征、刑事责任能力等指标,并采用Logistic回归分析法探讨影响精神分裂症嫌疑人刑事责任能力的相关因素。结果精神分裂症组和无精神病组在年龄、性别、文化程度、婚姻状态方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组在案发前思维障碍、情绪状态、社会功能等疾病相关因素方面差异均存在统计学意义(P<0.05),并在攻击行为史、作案先兆、诱因、预谋、作案动机、作案对象、环境辨认、自我保护等一些与案情有关的特点上存在差异(均P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,精神分裂症组的刑事责任能力与案发前思维障碍、情绪状态、社会功能、动机、预谋、自我保护性等因素有关(P<0.05)。结论为提高对具有凶杀行为的精神分裂症嫌疑人刑事责任能力评定的准确性,应综合考虑相关精神病理因素及作案特征的影响。

Objective To explore the characteristics of schizophrenia patients＇ homicide behaviors and the influences of the assessments of criminal capacity. Methods Indicators such as demographic and clinical data, characteristics of criminal behaviors and criminal capacity from the suspects whom were diagnosed by forensic psychiatry as schizophrenia （n=110） and normal mental （n=70） with homicide behavior, were collected by self-made investigation form and compared. The influences of the assessments of criminal capacity on the suspects diagnosed as schizophrenia were also analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Results There were no significant statistical differences between the schizophrenic group and the normal mental group concerning age, gender, education and marital status （P〉0.05）. There were significant statistical differences between the two groups concerning thought disorder, emotion state and social function before crime （P〈0,05） and there were significant statistical differences in some characteristics of the case such as aggressive history （P〈0.05）, cue, trigger, plan, criminal incentives, object of crime, circumstance cognition and self-protection （P〈0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that thought disorder, emotion state, social function, criminal incentives, plan and self-protection before crime of the schizophrenic group were positively correlated with the criminal capacity （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The relevant influences of psychopathology and crime characteristics should be considered comprehensively for improving the accuracy of the criminal capacity evaluation on the suspects diagnosed as schizophrenia with homicide behavior.