少量酒精作用下车辆制动性及驾驶人注视特性分析

Analysis of vehicle braking performance and drivers′ screen gaze characteristics under effect of small amount alcohol

在对车辆制动性能进行分析以及应用层次分析法对驾驶人注视特性指标提取的基础上,推导了车辆行驶距离算法并提出注视热点图生成方法,分析了正常状态下和少量酒精作用下车辆制动性能及驾驶人注视特性的变化规律。对比分析了正常状态和少量酒精作用下制动距离及制动全过程中的行驶距离的变化规律,以及少量酒精对车辆制动特性的影响。将正常状态和少量酒精作用下驾驶人注视热点图及兴趣区域(AOI)中注视点相对总注视点的比例进行了对比,进而分析少量酒精对驾驶人注视特性的影响。结果表明:在少量酒精作用下,车辆制动距离变短,所需的反应时间增加,对兴趣区的关注减少,注视相对发散。

Based on the vehicle braking performance and application of Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） to screen gaze characteristic index, a vehicle distance calculation method and gaze point heat-map generation method were proposed to analyze the vehicle braking performance and gaze variation under normal state or a small amount of alcohol. The braking distance and the whole braking traveled distance under normal state and small amount of alcohol state were calculated to analyze the influence of small amount of alcohol on the braking performance. The gaze point heat-map and the percentage of fixation counts in the Area of Interesting （AOI） to the total fixation counts were compared between drivers of normal state and under effect of small amount of alcohol. Results show that, under the effect of small amount of alcohol, the braking distance is shortened, the response time is increased, the focus on the AOI is reduced and number of fixations is relatively divergent.