汽车转向盘操作与驾驶负荷的相关性

Correlation between steering and driver′s workload

为证实转向盘转速与驾驶负荷之间的相关性,在4条山区复杂双车道公路上开展了长里程的自然驾驶行为实车试验,采集了被试驾驶员的心率信号和转向盘输入数据,以心率增长率HRI为中介,分析了转向盘转速与驾驶负荷之间的关系。试验结果表明:驾驶员超车时的心率显著高于平静状态,超越大型车时的心率增长率明显高于小客车,并且心率在超车行为开始之前就已显著增加;弯道行驶时驾驶员心率会增加,弯道越急、心率增加值越大,在圆曲线范围内,转向盘转角值在达到峰值之后即刻开始回调,即并不是固定在某一个位置;不管是超车工况还是弯道行驶工况,驾驶员的心率增长率与转向盘转速之间都存在很强的正相关性,但超车时驾驶员的心率增长率对转向盘转速更敏感。

To confirm the correlation between angular speed, δs, of steering wheel and the driver＇s workload, real long mileage vehicle driving tests under natural common behavior on four two-lane mountain highways were conducted, in which the driver＇s heart rate and steering input were collected. The Heart Rate Increase （HRI） was used as an intermediary to analyze the relationship between δs and driver＇s workload. Results show that： （1） A driver＇s heart rate in overtaking is significantly higher than that in calm state; when overtaking a heavy truck, the driver＇s HRI is much higher than that overtaking a passenger car; the hear rate greatly increases before an overtaking is started. （2） A driver＇s heart rate increases when traveling on a curve, the shaper the curve, the higher the increase of the heart rate; in addition, in the range of a circular curve, the angle input of the steering wheel reaches a peak value and then starts to decrease, that is not in a fixed position. （3） Whether in condition of overtaking or curve negotiating, there is positive correlation between driver＇s HRI and δs, but comparatively, driver＇s HRI in overtaking is more sensitive to δs.