颅脑外科住院患者常见病原菌分布及其耐药性分析

Distribution and drug resistance analysis of common pathogens in neurocranial surgical inpatients

目的了解颅脑外科住院患者分离的常见病原菌的分布及耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对2013年1月至2016年6月颅脑外科住院患者从临床分离的413株病原菌经全自动细菌鉴定分析系统(Vitek-2compact)进行鉴定及药敏试验,应用WHONET5.6软件分析药敏试验结果。结果颅脑外科住院患者感染常见的病原菌为铜绿假单胞菌90株(21.79%)、肺炎克雷伯菌69株(16.71%)、大肠埃希菌52株(12.59%)、鲍曼不动杆菌50株(12.11%)和金黄色葡萄球菌37株(8.96%)。常见病原菌对多种抗菌药物耐药,耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为54.1%。未发现万古霉素耐药的金黄色葡萄球菌。结论临床医生应及时关注其科室常见病原菌及其耐药性分布,做到合理选用抗菌药物,提高疗效的同时降低细菌耐药的发生。

Objective To understand the distribution and drug resistance dynamic status of common pathogens isolated from neurocranial surgical inpatients to provide a basis for clinically rational use of antimicrobial drugs.Methods A total of 413 strains of pathogenic bacteria isolated from neurocranial surgical inpatients from January 2013 to June 2016 were performed the identification and drug susceptibility test by using the Compact Vitek-2automatic bacterial identificantion analyzer and the drug susceptibility test results were analyzed by using the WHONET5.6software.Results The commonest pathogenic bacteria were 90 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,69 strains of Klebsiella pneumonia,52 strains of Escherichia coli,50 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and 37 strains of Staphylococcus Aureus.The common bacteria were resistant to many antibiotic drugs.The detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus（MRSA）was 54.1%,no vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus was found.Conclusion Clinicians should concern about the common pathogens and their drug resistance in their department,rationally select antibacterial drugs,increase the curative effect and reduce the occurrence of bacterial drug resistance.