气密性对颗粒物在建筑围护结构缝隙中穿透系数的影响

The Effect of Air Tightness on the Particle Penetration Through Building Envelope Leakage

对于没有机械通风的房间,建筑围护结构缝隙的穿透作用是室外颗粒物进入室内的主要途径。选取一个房间作为对象,通过示踪气体法得到房间换气次数,采用光散射法监测室内外颗粒物浓度。第一种方法是分析不同的因素对颗粒物穿透系数的影响,建立通过缝隙尺寸和换气次数计算颗粒物穿透系数的模型。第二种方法是根据室内外颗粒物质量浓度平衡关系式得到颗粒物在建筑围护结构中的穿透系数。通过对比2种方法得到的颗粒物穿透系数与换气次数之间的变化关系,得到颗粒物穿透系数随着换气次数的增大而增大,并逐渐趋近于1,换气次数一定时,细颗粒物的穿透系数大于粗颗粒物。

Outdoor particles,penetrating the building envelope and suspending in indoor air,are the main indoor pollution sources of the building without mechanical ventilation. Tracer gas method was applied to obtain the air change rate of the house,meanwhile,particles concentrations were obtained by light scattering method. The first method,analyzed the different impact factors of particles penetration,then developed a model to calculate the penetration of particle through cracks depend on the cracks dimensions and air change rate. The second one,the particles penetration were calculated by the mass balance equation of indoor-outdoor particles concentrations. According to the two methods,when the air change rate increases,particles penetrations become bigger then appear 1,and the penetrations of fine particles were higher than coarse particles as the same air change rate.