基于知识图谱法的国际生态旅游研究分析

Analyses of International Ecological Tourism Research Based on Domain Knowledge Mapping

论文采用"web of science^(TM)核心合集"2005—2015年的面板数据,运用知识图谱法(CiteSpace)对国际生态旅游的研究文献进行实证分析,研究结果表明:1)国际生态旅游的研究规模逐渐扩大,且多集中在经济发达和生态资源丰富的地区。2)旅游、保护和管理是生态旅游研究的核心:"旅游"研究内容包括旅游资源、旅游活动影响和游客环境教育,"保护"研究内容包括生态资源保护和保护区研究,"管理"研究内容包括社区管理、管理指导原则和评价方法。3)学科发展经历了资源导向、社区经济和发展旅游三个阶段:资源导向阶段(2008—2010年),自然和文化资源是生态旅游目的地选址的重要条件;社区经济阶段(2010—2012年),广泛开始对社区生态旅游经济效益的分析;发展旅游阶段(2013—2014年),生态旅游市场研究、生态旅游者行为分析成为学科研究的又一重要方向。4)生态旅游活动的普及与地域性研究的深化、生态旅游市场化的研究和跨学科方法的运用将是未来生态旅游发展的三大趋势。

The empirical study of international ecotourism research analyzes the panel data of the＂web of science^（TM） core collection＂from 2005 to 2015 with the method which is known as domain knowledge mapping（CiteSpace）. The results of our analysis show that： 1） The scale of international ecotourism research has been expanding, and most of the studies focus on areas with developed economy and abundant ecological resources. 2） The core of international ecotourism research focuses on three fields of＂tourism＂,＂protection＂and＂management＂,where ＂tourism＂ studies tourism resources, tourism activities＇ influence and tourist environmental education,＂protection＂studies ecological resources protection and protected areas, and＂management＂studies community management, management guiding principles and management evaluation method. 3） The development of international ecotourism research has experienced three stages： ecological resources oriented stage, community economy oriented stage and tourism development oriented stage. In the ecological resources stage（2008- 2009）,nature resources and culture heritage were regarded as the most important conditions of choosing ecotourism site; in the community economy stage（2010-2012） it started to study the economic performance of community comprehensively; and in the tourism development stage（2013- 2014）, more attention was paid to ecotourism marketing and ecotourist behavior. 4）Popularization of ecotourism activities, deeper research of regional ecotourism, more research on the ecotourism market and more interdisciplinary application of ecotourism will be the major trends in the future development of eco-tourism.