试论凌濛初的小说创作及宿命论调——以《华阴道独逢异客 江陵郡三拆仙书》为中心

On the Novel Writing & Fatalism of Ling Mengchu——Take the Story "Meeting a Stranger Alone on Huayin County,Opening the Three Magical Letters Presented by the Stranger in Jiangling County" as an Example

凌濛初《初刻拍案惊奇》第四十卷《华阴道独逢异客江陵郡三拆仙书》讲述了古代士子考取功名的系列故事。考诸凌濛初生平经历和故事的创作时间,他将此作为《初刻拍案惊奇》的最后一篇,乃是在又一次经历了科考失利后,表达对前途失去信心、无比绝望之意。凌濛初的一腔愤懑与不平,都已包含其间。不仅如此,通过对比《初刻拍案惊奇》中其他主题的故事还可以发现,"功名命定"思想的由来渊源有自。深受佛家思想影响,凌濛初在金钱主题、婚姻主题、家庭主题的故事中,都表现出浓厚的宿命思想。

The 40 th volume of ＂ Chu Ke Pai An Jing Qi＂ , ＂Meeting a Stranger Alone in Huayin County, 0 - pening the Three Magical Letters Presented by the Stranger in Jiangling County＂ narrates a series of stories a- bout ancient candidates^taking the imperial examination. Taking into consideration of Ling Mengchu爸 lifetime and the time he wrote the story, we can conclude that Ling showed his lose of confidence in his future and the feeling of desperation after undergoing another failure in the imperial examination through this story, the last volume of his collected stories ” Chu Ke Pai An Jing Qi” ？ Ling爸 feeling of resentment and inequality is clearly expressed in the story. Other stories in ＂ Chu Ke Pai An Jing Qi＂ also reflect Ling^s thought of ＂ Fame and success are determined by the God” . Greatly influenced by Buddhist thought,Ling expressed fatalism in the stories on the themes of money, marriage and family, etc. in n Chu Ke Pai An Jing Qi＂.