论尤金·奈达笔下Science of Translating的翻译

On the Translation of “Science of Translating” Written by Nida

英语Science of Translating译成"翻译科学"违背和颠覆了翻译定义,将尤金·奈达笔下的Science of Translating译成"翻译科学"是误译,是违背和颠覆翻译定义却广为人接受的翻译范例。英语"科学"仅指自然科学,而汉语"科学"指自然科学和人文社会科学。翻译是科学和非科学之争论在中国翻译理论界一直激烈存在,现在依然没有结论。研究发现,争论一是因为不同的定义而引起,二是因为对奈达观点的误解而引起。按英语的"科学"定义,翻译不是科学;按汉语"科学"定义,翻译是科学。然而,中国主流派译论家编写的教科书说,"翻译是科学"的观点是根据奈达的观点而得来。可是,奈达笔下的Science of Translating被理解和译成"翻译科学"是误读和误译,中国人完全根据汉语"科学"的定义说翻译是科学。

The translating that＂science of translation＂has been translated into＂fan yi ke xue＂breaks the definition of translation,which violates the nature of translation but is widely accepted and taken as good example for translation.The meaning of＂science of translating＂written by Nida,in Nida＇s mind,is the studies of translating and it should be translated into＂fan yi yan jiu＂or ＂fan yi xue＂according to the nature of translation that translating changes the meaning of the source-language meaning into the accepted language.In English,science is the general word including the sciences in natural science and social science and has different meanings.Only natural science is called science（Chinese：ke xue）.The science in social science is not ＂ke xue＂.In Chinese,science is ke xue,natural science and social science are both science（ke xue）.So＂science of translating＂written by Nida has been translated into ＂fan yi ke xue＂and this breaks the definition of translation as it is against the definition that translation must turn the meaning of the source-language but this translation changes the meaning of the source-language to satisfy the accepted-language.