贵州省2013-2015年麻疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis of Measles Epidemiological Characteristics in Guizhou Province,2013-2015

目的分析贵州省2013-2015年麻疹流病学特征,为制定消除麻疹策略和措施提供参考。方法对贵州省2013-2015年麻疹监测系统报告资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果贵州省2013-2015年麻疹发病率为0.21/10万、0.53/10万、0.70/10万,麻疹疫情呈回升趋势。麻疹发病高峰仍在冬春季,年末发病高峰需要提前关注。病例分布较集中,疫情以局部暴发为主。病例以小年龄儿童为主,<8月龄病例在病例总数中的比例下降,8月~11月龄病例增多。结论贵州省消除麻疹最重要的工作仍然是提高含麻疹成分疫苗的接种率,应加强含麻疹成分疫苗第一剂次及时接种工作,降低小年龄儿童的发病率。

Obiective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Guizhou Province from 2013-2015, and provide evidence for strategies and measures of measles elimination. Methods Analyze the measles data of 2013-2015 reported by measles surveillance system in Guizhou province with descriptive epidemiology method. Results the reported measles incidence of Guizhou province were 0.21/100 000, 0.53/100 000, 0.70/100 000 during 2013-2015. The measles epidemic was upward. The epidemic peak was still in winter and spring. The peak at the end of year needed to focus on in advance. Measles cases were concentrated in outbreaks. The cases were mainly children. The proportion of cases aged 〈8 months was decline, but the case aged during 8 months to 11 months increased. Conclusion The most important job is to increase the coverage of Measles Containing Vaccine （MCV）, and strengthen the immunization work of the first dose MCV timely, to reduce the incidence of infants and young children.