不空译《心经》梵汉对音及相关问题研究

Sanskrit-Chinese Transliteration in the Sutra of the Heart of Prajna Written by Bu Kong

论文研究不空本《般若波罗蜜多心经》的对音规则,以及对音用字折射出的唐代西北方言的特点。对音显示:全浊声母大多对应梵语的送气浊音,与西北地区浊音清化的规则有关。对音所用的鼻音声母可能是来自原始汉藏语底层的鼻冠音。精章二组的塞擦音大多相混,但擦音泾渭分明。韵母对音反映了宕、梗等摄韵尾的消变。

This paper analyzes the rules of Sanskrit-Chinese transliteration in the sutra of the heart of Prajna written by Bu Kong, and the features of North West dialect in Tang and Five Dynasties. According to the transliteration, complete voiced initials mostly match with the voiced aspirated consonants in Sanskrit, which is concerned with initial devocalization. The nasals used in transliteration are probably consonant clusters, which exist as the bottom layer of Sino-Tibetan language. Affricates in groups of Jing and Zhang are usually mixed, while fricatives in these groups are different. The transliteration of vowels reflects the ending change of Dang and Geng group.