作坊式宝石加工场所粉尘危害综合干预效果评估

Evaluation of comprehensive intervention effect on dust hazard in gem processing individual workshops

目的对作坊式宝石加工场所粉尘危害防控综合干预措施进行效果评估,为该行业粉尘危害防控提供科学依据。方法因地制宜建立起作坊式宝石加工场所粉尘防控综合干预措施,对干预前后的作业场所空气中粉尘浓度、接尘工人职业健康检查结果、职业卫生培训出勤率、职业卫生知识知晓率、个人防护等情况进行检测、调查、分析和评价。结果干预后该作业场所硬件设施得到一定程度的改善,作业场所空气中粉尘浓度大幅下降,其合格率从干预前的87.04%提高到干预后的97.29%(P<0.05);接尘工人职业健康检查结果、职业卫生培训出勤率、职业卫生知识知晓率、个人防护行为均较干预前显著改善(P<0.05)。结论实施干预措施有效地改善了作坊式宝石加工场所粉尘作业环境,今后应注重粉尘危害的源头治理工作,进一步降低粉尘危害。

[Objective]To evaluate the comprehensive intervention effect in the gem processing individual workshops,provide the scientific evidence for controlling dust hazard in this industry.[Methods]According to local conditions,the intervention measures were performed in the gem processing individual workshops. The dust concentration in the air,occupational examination results of workers,attendance rate of occupational health training,awareness rate of occupational health knowledge,and individual protection behavior before and after intervention were detected, surveyed, analyzed and evaluated. [Results] After the intervention,the hardware facilities in the workplaces were improved partly. Dust concentration in the air significantly decreased,and the qualified rate increased from 87.04% before the intervention to 97.29% after the intervention（P〈0.05）. Meanwhile,the occupational examination results of workers,attendance rate of occupational health training,awareness rate of occupational health knowledge,and individual protection behavior significantly improved（P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]Through the intervention,the dust work environment in the gem processing individual workshops has been improved effectively. In future,it is necessary to focus on the source control of dust to further reduce dust hazard.