新疆卷烟厂易地技术改造项目职业病危害因素的识别与控制对策

Identification and control countermeasures of occupational hazard factors in a technical reform project for place change of Xinjiang cigarette factory

目的依据新疆卷烟厂易地技术改造了项目的工艺特点,了解产生的职业病危害因素,结合工作场所职业卫生调查,确定劳动者的职业病危害接触水平,为控制职业病发生、提高劳动者健康水平提出对策。方法采用职业卫生调查、现场检测、职业病危害因素作业分级、职业健康监护等方法收集及分析资料。结果新疆卷烟厂易地技术改造项目部分工种噪声[LEX,8 h>85 d B(A)]、粉尘(CTWA>2 mg/m3)超过国家标准限值的要求,部分设备未设置职业病危害防护设施,职业健康监护体检率较低,职业卫生管理、个人防护用品配备等方面符合国家标准的要求。结论该项目为职业病危害较重的建设项目,应从制丝车间各工种所接触的粉尘、卷接包车间接触的噪声等方面,采取设置防护设施、配备个人防护用品、健全应急救援及提高职业健康监护率等综合措施,防止职业病发生。

[Objective]According to the technological characteristics of the technical reform project for place change of Xinjiang cigarette factory,to understand the occupational hazard factors,and combining with the occupational health investigation in workplace,to determine the exposure levels of occupational hazards among labors. Put forward countermeasures to control the occurrence of occupational disease and improve the health conditions of labors.[Methods]The data was collected and analyzed through occupational health investigation,field detection,occupational hazard factors work classification and occupational health monitoring.[Results]The noise intensity[LEX,8 h〉85 d B（A）]and dust concentration（CTWA〉2 mg/m3）of some work types in this project exceeded the national standard limit. Some equipment did not set the protective facilities for occupational hazards. The occupational health examination rate was relatively low. Occupational health management and personal protective equipment meet the requirements of national standards.[Conclusion]This project belongs to the heavier occupational hazard construction project.According to the dust exposed to the labors of all work types in silk workshop and noise in rolling and packing workshop,we should take comprehensive measures including setting protective facilities, equipping personal protective equipments, improving emergency rescue and increasing occupational health monitoring rate to prevent the occurrence of occupational diseases.