2013—2015年江门市某玻璃制造厂粉尘和噪声对工人健康危害的分析

Analysis on the harm of dust and noise to workers' health in a glass factory in Jiangmen from 2013-2015

目的探讨江门华尔润玻璃有限责任公司生产性粉尘、噪声对工人身体健康危害程度。方法对该公司2013—2015年连续3年工作场所职业病危害因素检测报告和该厂工人的职业健康检查报告数据进行分析。结果该公司工作场所2014年粉尘浓度超标率最高为42.9%,2015年噪声强度超标率最高为15.4%,3年来的粉尘超标率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),接触粉尘工人的高仟伏胸片异常率3年间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且呈逐年上升,由2013年的5.1%上升到2015年的20.8%;2015年噪声工种工人双耳高频听阈提高检出率24.1%为3年来最高,接触噪声工人的血压异常率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),呈逐年增高趋势。结论粉尘浓度超标岗位和噪声强度岗位应引起厂方的重视,用人单位需进一步加强职业卫生管理,应采取定期检修通风除尘设施和控制噪声源、隔声等措施,进一步加强对工作场所职业病危害因素监测和对劳动者职业健康监护的工作。

[Objective]To explore the damage degree of dust and noise to workers’ health in Jiangmen Hua Er Run Glass Company.[Methods]The test report of occupational disease hazard factors in workplace and the health examination report of workers in this company from 2013-2015 were analyzed.[Results]The over standard rate of dust in 2014 was the highest（42.9%）,and the noise in 2015 was the highest（15.4%）. The difference of over standard rate of dust in three years was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.The difference of abnormal rate of high k V chest radiograph among the workers exposure to dust in three years was statistically significant（P〈0.05）,and raised year by year,from 5.1% in 2013 to 20.8% in 2015. The detection rate of binaural high frequency hearing threshold increasing of workers exposure to noise in 2015 was the highest（24.1%）. The difference of abnormal rate of blood pressure among workers exposure to noise was statistically significant（P 〈0.05）,and showed a trend of increase year by year.[Conclusion]The company should pay more attention to the posts of dust and noise intensity exceeded the standard,strengthen the occupational health management,and preventive maintenance the ventilation and dust removal facilities and control noise,take sound insulation,and further strengthen the monitoring of occupational disease hazard factors in workplace and the occupational health of laborers.